a. intervertebral disc
b. symphysis pubis
c. epiphyseal plate
d. sutures
e. a, b, and c
2. Which joint is an amphiarthrosis?
a. intervertebral disks
b. knee
c. articular cartilage
d. epiphyseal plate
e. c and d
3. A joint in which two bones ultimately fuse as in the two parietal bones after 2 yrs old. is a synostosis.
a. true b. false
4. Which joint is a pivot joint?
a. wrist joint
b. shoulder joint
c. joint between proximal phalanges and metacarpals
d. joint between atlas and axis
e. c and d
5. Which joint is a ball and socket joint?
a. hip joint
b. joints between phalanges
c. ankle joint
d. joints between carpal bones
e. joint between metacarpal of thumb and trapezium
6. What is most important in stabilizing the shoulder joint?
a. depth of the glenoid fossa
b. intracapsular ligaments
c. the rotator cuff
d. intracapsular meniscus
7. Which joint is a condyloid joint?
a. ankle joint
b. symphysis pubis
c. joints between carpal bones
d. joint between ulna and humerus
e. shoulder joint
8. Hinge joints allow which movements?
a. flexion
b. abduction
c. rotation
d. a and b
e. all of the above
9. Ball and socket joints allow which movements?
a. rotation
b. circumduction
c. abduction
d. b and c
e. all of the above
10. Which of the following factors can stabilize diarthrotic joints?
a. shape of articular surfaces
b. ligaments
c. muscles
d. a and b
e. all of the above
11. Sacks of synovial fluid found around tendons that help to reduce friction are called
a. periosteum
b. tendon sheaths
c. bursae
d. perichondrium
e. ligaments
12. Which ligament of the knee is an intracapsular ligament
a. anterior cruciate ligament
b. tibial collateral ligament
c. fibular collateral ligament
d. patellar ligament
e. quadriceps tendon
13. Moving a limb away from the midline of the body is
a. abduction
b. adduction
c. flexion
d. extension
e. hyperextension
14. Rotating the hand so the palm is anterior is called
a. circumduction
b. dorsiflexion
c. pronation
d. supination
e. retraction
15. Standing on your "tiptoes" is?
a. rotation
b. abduction
c. plantar flexion
d. dorsiflexion
e. circumduction
16. Pulling the scapula back would be an example of
a. flexion
b. depression
c. retraction
d. protraction
e. elevation
17. Which of the following is a characteristic of skeletal muscle?
a. elasticity
b. contractility
c. extensibility
d. conductivity
e. all of the above
f. a, b, and c.
18. The connective tissue that directly surrounds the muscle fibers within fascicles is the
a. perimysium
b. endomysium
c. epimysium
d. deep fascia
e. myofibril
19. Invaginations of the sarcolemma into the cytosol that function to carry the action potential into the cell are the T-tubules.
a. True b. false
20. Bundles of contractile proteins in the muscle fiber are called
a. fascicles
b. myofibrils
c. myoglobin
d. thin filaments
e. sarcomeres
21. Which of the following binds Ca++ to regulate contraction?
a. tropomyosin
c. actin
d. myosin
d. titin
e. troponin
22. Which area has only thick myofilaments?
a. A band
b. I band
c. H zone
d. Z line
e. Zone of overlap
23. A sarcomere is the region between
a. two M lines
b. two Z lines
c. two H zones
d. two thin myofilaments
e. two molecules of troponin
24. Thick myofilaments are made of
a. actin
b. tropomyosin
c. troponin
d. myosin
e. a, b, and c
25. Which does not occur during the initiation of a muscle contraction?
a. axon terminal releases acetylcholine
b. ACH diffuses across synaptic cleft
c. ACH binds to ACH receptor on sarcolemma
d. Action potential is initiated in muscle fiber
e. Calcium channels open to depolarize sarcolemma
26. Which step in contraction involves the uptake of ATP by myosin?
a. cross-bridge formation
b. power stroke
c. cross bridge detachment
d. cocking or activation
27. Which of the following events do not occur during excitation-contraction coupling?
a. action potential passes along sarcolemma
b. action potential passes into T-tubules
c. terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum release calcium ions
d. binding sites on myosin exposed
e. myosin molecules bind to actin molecules
28. According to the sliding filament theory, we expect which of the following to occur during muscle contraction?
a. A bands get smaller
b. I bands get smaller
c. Z lines get closer together
d. b and c
e. all of the above
29. Which of the following is not involved in the relaxation of skeletal muscle?
a. stopping neural stimulation to the muscle
b. destruction of ACH by acetylcholinesterase
c. release of calcium ions from sarcoplasmic reticulum
d. sliding of troponin/tropomyosin complex over active sites on actin
e. detachment of myosin from actin
30. Muscles that move the eye are likely to have
a. long twitch durations
b. small motor units
c. large motor units
d. a and b
e. a and c
31. In wave summation, additional muscle fibers are recruited to increase the force of contraction in a muscle.
a. true b. false
32. Which of the following is not true of anaerobic metabolism in skeletal muscle?
a. occurs when O2 is in short supply
b. pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid
c. CO2 produced as waste produce
d. produces 2 ATP per molecule of glucose
e. can cause fatigue in muscle
33. Muscle fibers involved in speed and strength get most of their energy from
a. muscle ATP and CP stores
b. anaerobic glycolysis
c. aerobic respiration
d. a and b.
34. A slow-twitch, muscle fiber does not have which of the following characteristics?
a. most energy from aerobic metabolism
b. few mitochondria
c. many capillaries
d. uses fat for energy
e. small fibers
35. According to class discussion, which of the following is most likely to result in an increase in the strength of muscles?
a. high protein diet
b. creatine phosphate supplements
c. forcing muscles to exert high tensions
d. aerobic exercise
e. low carbohydrate diet
36. Which of the following is not an adaptation that results from endurance training?
a. increased numbers of muscle mitochondria
b. increased muscle capillary density
c. increased size of mitochondria
d. decreased Max VO2
e. increased concentration of enzymes that catabolize fatty acids
37. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue?
a. gap junctions connect cells
b. one nucleus per cell
c. striated
d. specialized for anaerobic metabolism
e. innervated by autonomic nervous system
38. Which of the following is found in visceral smooth muscle tissue?
a. gap junctions
b. striations
c. multiple nuclei per cell
d. a and b
e. all of the above
39. Where is multiunit smooth muscle found?
a. iris
b. arrector pili muscles
c. urinary bladder
d. a and b
e. all of the above
40. Multiunit smooth muscle like skeletal muscle is innervated by branches from the voluntary nervous system.
a. true b. false
1.d, 2.a, 3.a, 4.d, 5.a, 6.c, 7.a, 8.a, 9.e, 10.e, 11.c, 12.a, 13.a, 14.d, 15.c, 16.c, 17.e, 18. b
19.a, 20.b, 21.e, 22.c, 23.b, 24.d, 25.e, 26.c, 27.d, 28.d, 29.c, 30.b, 31.b, 32.c, 33.d, 34.b
35.c, 36.d, 37.d, 38.a, 39.d, 40.b