BIOL
237
Muscular
System Sample Questions
1, 2. The soleus is a muscle primarily used in ___(1)____ and would therefore tend to have ___(2)____ size motor units.
Answers for #1: (A) posture, (B) active climbing, (C) vertebral extension, (D) leg abduction,
Answers for #2: (E) large, (F) small, (G) intermediate.
3. The rotator cuff includes all but which of the following muscles:
(A) teres minor, (B) trapezius, (C) subscapularis, (D) supraspinatus.
4. The muscle which helps stabilize the femur and is often the cause of spasm leading to sciatica is:
(A) gluteus maximus, (B) gluteus minimus, (C) piriformis, (D) iliopsoas,
(E) tensor fascia latae.
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Questions 5 through 9 utilize the sarcomere diagram which follows: Use only letters indicated.
5. The dark striations are produced by
Use A, B, C, or D only.
6. Troponin and tropomyosin are part of:
Use E, F, or G only
7. Which band shortens when the muscle contracts? Use A, B, C, or D only.
8. Which protein is part of serial elastic elements of the muscle? Use E, F, or G only
9. ATP binds to: Use E, F, or G only
Questions 10 through 12 apply to diagrams below. Assume electrical stimulation of a muscle.
Diagram A
10. Which of these diagrams shows a controlled, graded, contraction? A or B
11. Which diagram shows an increase in the number of cells or motor units responding? A or B
12. Which of the diagrams shows a warmup of a given set of muscle cells? A or B
Diagram B
13. Tetanus is:
(A) a contracture only seen in artificial experiments,
(B) a normal sustained contraction due to high frequency stimulation.
(C) warmup of a given set of muscle cells,
(D) an abnormal disease process only.
14. Lactic acid oxygen debt must be paid back by:
(A) anerobic glycolysis, (B) phosphagen system, (C) aerobic respiration.
15. A cholinesterase inhibitor results in:
(A) too much ACh attached to receptors, (B) too little ACh attached to receptors.
16. Slow twitch fibers utilize which of the following for their extended ATP supply:
(A) glycolysis, (B) phosphagen system, (C) aerobic respiration.
17. Training increases the number of mitochondria in:
(A) white fibers, (B) red fibers.
18. Creatine phosphate is extensively stored in:
(A) white fibers, (B) red fibers.
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19 through 24 Matching: Answers may be used more than once or not at all.
(A) tropomyosin, (B) troponin complex, (C) myosin, (D) sarcoplasmic reticulum,
(E) T-tubules, (F) voltage gated ion channels, (G) chemically gated ion channels.
19. Carries the action potential to the interior of the muscle fiber.
20. Before calcium release this blocks the active sites on actin molecules.
21. Consists of three proteins.
22. Its heads swivel to provide the “working stroke” in muscle contraction.
23. Releases calcium when signaled by an action potential.
24. Their opening produces the action potential on the sarcolemma.